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Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD)

Zero Liquid Discharge Plant
ZLD ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE
ZERO LIQUID DISCHARGE (ZLD)

A Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) Plant is an advanced wastewater treatment and recovery system designed to achieve maximum water recovery with virtually no liquid effluent discharge from an industrial facility.

The system treats wastewater through a combination of Pre-Treatment, Membrane Separation, Evaporation and Crystallization processes. A major portion of the treated water is recovered and reused within the facility, while dissolved salts and concentrated contaminants are converted into a manageable solid or semi-solid form for further handling and disposal.

ZLD systems are particularly suitable for industries where water conservation, wastewater recycling and stringent discharge requirements are important.

PROCESS FLOW

Zero Liquid Discharge Process Flow

Industrial Effluent
Collection & Equalization
Pre-Treatment
Chemical Treatment
Clarification
Filtration
UF
RO System
RO Permeate for Reuse
RO Reject
MEE / Evaporator
Condensate Recovery
ATFD / Crystallizer
Salt / Solid Waste

The recovered RO permeate and evaporator condensate can be reused for suitable industrial applications, helping significantly reduce fresh water consumption.

MAJOR COMPONENTS

ZLD Plant Components

01

Effluent Collection & Equalization System

02

Chemical Dosing System

03

Clarifier / Settling System

04

Pressure Sand & Activated Carbon Filters

05

Ultrafiltration (UF) System

06

Reverse Osmosis (RO) System

07

High-Recovery RO System

08

Multiple Effect Evaporator (MEE)

09

Agitated Thin Film Dryer (ATFD) / Crystallizer

10

Condensate Recovery System

11

Sludge & Salt Handling System

12

Pumps, Piping, Valves & Instrumentation

13

Electrical & Automation Control System

HOW ZLD WORKS

How ZLD Works

01

Initially, industrial wastewater undergoes physical and chemical pre-treatment to remove suspended solids, oil, hardness and other contaminants that may affect downstream equipment.

02

The pre-treated water is then processed through UF and RO membrane systems. RO separates the stream into high-quality permeate for reuse and a concentrated reject stream.

03

The RO reject is transferred to an MEE/Evaporator, where water is evaporated and recovered as condensate. The remaining concentrated stream is further treated through an ATFD or Crystallizer to separate salts and solids.

04

This integrated process enables industries to recover and reuse water while minimizing liquid wastewater discharge.

KEY BENEFITS

ZLD Plant Benefits

01

Maximum wastewater recovery and reuse

02

Minimizes liquid effluent discharge

03

Significant reduction in fresh water requirement

04

Recovery of RO permeate and evaporator condensate

05

Concentration and separation of dissolved salts

06

Supports sustainable industrial water management

07

Reduces dependence on external wastewater disposal

08

Customized according to effluent characteristics and recovery requirements

APPLICATIONS

ZLD Plant Applications

Textile & Dyeing Industries Pharmaceuticals Chemicals Food & Beverage Distilleries Pulp & Paper Power Plants Metal Processing Automobile Industries Tanneries Fertilizer Industries Petrochemical & Process Industries
OUR ZLD SOLUTIONS

Complete ZLD Plant Solutions

Water Resource Technologies provides complete ZLD Plant Solutions covering:

Process Design & Engineering • Equipment Selection • Supply • Installation • Piping & Electrical Works • Automation • Testing & Commissioning • Plant Upgradation • Operation & Maintenance

Our systems are designed according to effluent characteristics, required water recovery, reuse requirements and site-specific operating conditions.

Treat Recover Reuse Achieve Zero Liquid Discharge